Evolution of the Addictovigilance Signal of Zopiclone: A 2014–2020 National Follow-up Study

Abstract Zopiclone, like zolpidem, is under surveillance in France due to its potential for dependence, abuse and misuse. However, part of the narcotics regulation was implemented 2017 zolpidem only, which has led an increase number zopiclone consumers. The objective this article present French addictovigilance data regarding evolution abuse, dependence misuse profiles zopiclone. We used following 3 sources over two periods: 3-year period before regulatory measure (2014–2016) after (2018–2020): (i) Medic'AM, a public database provides good overview boxes reimbursed France; (ii) all cases drug or reported by health professionals Addictovigilance Network (FAN); (iii) national epidemiological tool based on falsified prescriptions. Between first second study periods despite exposure population zopiclone, proportion reports FAN remained stable; misusers increased significantly ( p < 0.01), from 27% n = 31) 48.3% 72); profile problematic users comparable with persistence markers use; (iv) there significant 0.01) fraud obtention, 26.1% 30) 40.9% 61), mainly concerned nomadism. Prescribers should remain cautious providing